Analyse and comment on the success Essay

Analyse and comment on the success of the title sequence of Baz Luhrmann’s 1997 film adaptation of ‘Romeo & Juliet’Â  The 1997 adaptation of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet by Baz Luhrmann was attempting to reach out to a younger audience by modernising the old play with new ideas, even though the old text was kept. Set in modern times with modern things that a young audience could relate to, Luhrmann successfully hauled Shakespeare’s text from 16th century Verona, Italy to late 20th century Miami, USA. The purpose of this essay is to review, analyse and comment on the use of Luhrmann’s background to help him in making the movie, the success of the film but most importantly the cinematic success of the title scene. The location was specifically chosen to represent modern times. America was the most modern country available. Although Luhrmann wanted to shoot the film in Miami, it was seen by the mayor of Miami as unrealistic to put the city on hold while they shot the movie; Mexico’s capital city, Mexico City was used instead. It had everything the crew needed, it had a typical city milieu; it was perfect. As the movie was going to be originally set in Miami, the characters had to at least look like they were from Miami. The Montague household wore very casual Hawaiian t-shirts, which were not buttoned up but hung loosely on the wearer. The Capulets wore very serious, cool clothes, mostly dark colours like black and grey. The choices of clothes used were to symbolise gangsters and mob mentality. ‘from ancient grudge break to new mutiny’ were being portrayed by Luhrmann, as two rival gangs. Casting was very much a big thing in Luhrmann’s version. He had to pick actors that young people could relate to. It was hard finding such actors, as the young and popular ones had problems reading Shakespeare’s diverse and complicated old English text. Luhrmann knew that Leonardo Di Caprio would be perfect for Romeo, as he was a heartthrob worldwide, and would bring in the young girls, who adored him. Throughout the movie we are shown images of power. These images are more abundant in the opening title scene. Images of guns, violence and police are shown to create an atmosphere of chaos and anarchy. The guns are used, again to create a modernised version of the old play. The guns represent the swords used by the people in the sixteenth century, and they are referred to as swords by the actors, ‘put up thy swords.’ Religion is one of the main themes in the play, and Luhrmann uses many powerful images to show this in the opening title scene. Two statues of Jesus are filmed round about either side of the city. The statues are opposite each other with their faces facing inwards, as if looking over the people of ‘Verona’ and keeping guard. Also the Christian crucifix is used to replace some of the Ts in the scripture which occasionally flash between the montage of images of police, violent riots and arrests; the scripture is repeating the important parts of the sonnet that opens the play. Cinematography is used to great effect in the opening scene. Zooming and panning left and right all help to create the effect of disorder and chaos. Before the title of the movie is actually shown there is a montage of images; each clip lasts only for a split second. Each clip is taken from the movie to show the audience that it isn’t an old fashioned soppy love story, but a violent, tragic blockbuster. Using the scenes of gun fights and violence the montage really creates an adrenalin rush. The music and the backing track for the title scene really goes with the visual picture on the screen. Fast tempo gets the blood pumping and again it helps to cause chaos. It has real power as it builds up towards the end of the title scene; during the montage of images it speeds up and the power of it envelops you. Then finally we see the title of the movie and the music stops after a few seconds after the title falls into view and the audience is left in silence. In conclusion, considering all the areas of the title scene, Baz Luhrmann has successfully given birth to a fantastic opening to Romeo and Juliet. The title scene underlines key aspects of the sonnet which opens the play, to help the people in the audience who don’t understand Shakespeare and even the ones who do. He introduces the principle characters, again to stop the audience from getting confused. The use of exciting images, such as the gun and the images of police and violence makes certain people in the audience stay and not walk out because they may believe it to be boring; many teenagers would believe Shakespeare to be boring. The opening scene had a very strong effect on me personally. It really made me want to see the movie again, even though I had already seen it about three times. The scene gripped me and not many title scenes have done that to me. Baz Luhrmann’s version of Romeo and Juliet was a complete success.

Zagu Co. Background

CONTENT : Topic Page Analyze Russia at the time of the case, 1992, 1-2 (Using the PEST and Geography framework) Analyze Pepsi as a company using only the information in the case 3-4 Recommendations for Pepsi to become successful in Russia4-5 Answer the specific questions asked by Bill Shaddy in the last paragraph of the case 5-6 Pepsi challenge – Russia 1992 Pepsi is a soft drink produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. It is sold in many retail stores, places, restaurants, schools, cinemas and from vending machines. However, the article of â€Å"The Pepsi Challenge-Russia 1992† discusses on the challenge of hiring people as well as develop staffing compensation and training for the new Russia organization after finding the ineffective business. It is very important that an organization as Pepsi considers Russia environment before beginning re-organization. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and treat all aspects of planning. One of marketing tools that often uses to analyze environmental economic is PEST including political factors, economic factors, social factors, and technological factors. Political factor; According to beginning of year 1992 in Russia, the politics at that time is concerned to be communist before changing to democracy in May 1992. The regulation of business is based on government. Government policy influence laws that regulate all businesses and every international business agreement involve government to participate in every activity. The one of examples is that Pepsi hires employees through one of the government employment bureaus unless Pepsi forms a joint stock company, which is the window that allows foreigners to hire Russians directly. The politics in Russia seems to be unstable such as the sensitive between Russia and Ukraine resulting to Pepsi cannot hire people from Ukraine to be the part of PepsiCo in Russia. The country also lacks a legal framework for property rights. The movement of privatization is slow and controversy between different republic. The business contract has to renegotiate under turmoil situation. It can be conclude that the government influence in economics and social aspect. Economic factor; This is the one of significant factors which influences on PepsiCo. Business needs to consider the state of economy in short and long terms, and economic factors are the important tool for international marketing. In Russia, the economics seems to be capitalism, and a free market, but in fact people still stick to the communist system, so that the free looks unreal. There is less competition on market due to government regulation and control system. The economic environment has the unappreciated sign. The workers are inefficient, the organization presents overstaffing and nepotism, and the system also identifies as nepotism. The people are employed as presenting high employment rate, but they work with low efficiency and effectiveness. All of these result to low productivity and high inflation rate that is also mention on first paragraph; economic output declines around 20 percent on an annual basic, and the monthly inflation rate is double digits. The country lacks of a financial system and knowledgeable business. The writer compares the economic system of Russia with another country; In Russia does not have a well developed business system like India. If comparing GNP with Ukraine and Kazakhstan, Russia is quite lower than others. The number of GNP presents only US$ 5,400 per 149 million people. A globally traded currency should serve as a reliable and stable, but it does not act in Russia. â€Å"Some companies have paid in hard currency which fuels expectations of locals. Other companies have paid only rubles†(Honorio, P. 10) In the same business Coke dominates Russia market more than Pepsi; Pepsi has around six percent of the market in total soft drink sales. Therefore, this is the one talent issue for Pepsi to make more market share. Social factor; The social style and culture affect on international business. One problem why Pepsi cannot rapidly grow in Russia is language and cultural barriers. The culture is traditional. There are not many people who have English knowledge. Moreover, confidential issue should be careful because everyone alks and share information to each other in their society. The other interesting point is that Russians are not get use to western style resulting to difficulty of working in western company. Russian system is flexible and no specific rule in some topics; for example businesses cannot get reference checks for their employments. Because of social factors, Russians are less interest in foreign business even tho ugh there are many western companies in Russia, so that it creates the difficult work for HR department when they want to hire efficient labor. Technology factor; Technology is competitive advantage for international business. In Russia, there are fewer technologies to allow customers to easily access to products. All technologies base on the local resources. However, Pepsi use the technology to be the media of their advertising, such as television, and newspaper. Pepsi also adds the technology such as vending machine in their selling instead of using middle man or personal selling. Even though Pepsi want to use the high effective technology, it is useless because the distribution is state-owned and controlled. Analyze Pepsi as a company. In term of marketing process, there are many interesting key points which contribute its performance. 1. Research: Pepsi tries to build the Russian organization. Bill Shaddy is the company representative to do the research and analyze situation including culture, politics, resource and technology, social environment, demography, business, and human behavior. Even though there is another competition as coke that dominates the soft drink market in Russia, Pepsi wants to expand its market, and it is talent for Pepsi. 2. Target customer: all genders and ages are the target customers. The middle class is the main target of company that we can see example in India. There are several criteria to analyze its performance which are: * Defendable: it is competitive in its market because it preserves a great quality because Pepsi technicians trained the partners on quality control, and good service in store and out store. Moreover, it has loyal customers in America that can prove by marketing share. There is only one big company as Coca cola that produces the same product. Accessible: Pepsi is dispensed out of sidewalk fountain machines, and distribution to many retailers. * Expandable: there is an opportunity for selling its products, since there is high demand. Pepsi has a lot of franchises, and also creates the new taste for their products; for example, a lemon-flavored soft drink in the Soviet market. * Serviceable: generally, Pepsi relies on shelf space and positioning, as well as convenience packaging and provides the good service for all customers, but in Russian stores do not compete on service. Profitable: it is profitable because Pepsi has a lot of customers and the cost cut in building like the situation in Russia that Shaddy tries to find the cheapest office. Moreover, Pepsi hires many locals, so it can cut excessive payment. 3. Position: the Pepsi captures the code of worldwide business and value. Pepsi reserves the leader in soft drink market in U. S. and try to achieve in other regions. 4. Marketing Mix * Price: price is reasonable; the same price as local soft drink brands. In Russia, suppliers in the same product do not compete on price. Product: Good quality soft drink, and convenient package. * Promotion: Pepsi uses various channels to promote its product, such as news paper, television commercial, outdoor, kiosk displays, sponsored promotion, and events. * Place: Providing in everywhere, especially in American market. 5. Execute: to penetrate the existing market by using many promotion, keeping quality, and developing products. From the above points that make Pepsi achieves its success goal, we can conclude that the Pepsi marketing strategies meet the need of its customers. This situation can be called as touch point. Moreover, Pepsi also uses push and pull of marketing strategy. It advertises in public. This can be called as creating a demand strategy. When people hear or receive information about it, they go to get the product. Moreover, word of mouth is another channel of advertising which is useful for Pepsi. Recommendation; As we can see that Pepsi gains market share leadership in U. S. food store sales, but in most European and Asian markets where Coke has higher market share than Pepsi. Therefore, researching in all factors, and developing in those markets should be considered in order to be leadership in soft drink market. In Russia, 1992, there are many problems issued, such as politics, economic system, social factors, technology; all we know as PEST. There are some suitable ways to solve those problems as below, Political factor : The politics still bases on communist even it changed to democracy system. The polictics influences in business. Pepsi should slow down in its investment due to adjusting period of Russian government. Economic factor: Considering in international financial institution due to unstable economics in Russia during this period. Social factor: Education is the key factor to develop the system. Creating the organize culture to all Pepsi’s employees to make them to be proud in organization. Training is required to improve productivity. Using reward or bonus motivates employees to increase efficiency. Technology factor: Using more technologies offer consumer and business more innovative products and services. The company should hire the specialists to develop programs which support marketing plan, and Human Resource Management. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) should apply. The specific questions asked by Bill Shaddy; According to the last paragraph, the writer mentions on the Bill Shaddy question that â€Å"How to go about finding Russians that could become successful â€Å"Pepsi† people. How would he select them? And how should they be compensated, trained and managed? In my point of view, those questions are related to human resource management on recruitment and selection process. Shaddy has to consider all factors about Russia, especially social issue such as culture, education, demographics, and then all components should be included into the recruitment process and selection process in order to get the right person to the right job effectively. The first job is to identify the job opening as a Sales Manager and a Technical Engineering Manager through HR planning based on organizational values and code of conduct. Next step is to delicately determine the job description and job specification. This process should be clear and easy to understand. If lacking of candidate-qualification’s detail, it is difficult to find the right person due to under qualified applicants. Both a Sales Manager and a Technical Engineering Manager position are in management level; thus the minimum experience should be significant important qualify to handle the jobs. The other important part of recruitment is that recruiting sources and methods are chosen. There is no single, best recruiting technique, and the most appropriate for any given position depends on a number of factors. In this case, Russia is considered to be the communism, old fashion, and technology is not widely used, so that Shaddy should invest online recruitment in low proportion of recruitment cost. The method should be considered such as government employment agencies, searching through direct networking from foreign company, and print advertising. The reasons why government employment agencies should be used because Russia government plays high role in every activity of Russians. Another reason is talking with local people might make Russians more comfortable, confidence, and feel more reliable. They will not want to work for western companies because of development aspect; therefore, using government representative to find the effective people should be concerned. The benefit from using foreign company network is that company can be confident the knowledge and language ability of people who are hired. However, some situation might happen when Shaddy find the right people, but they are working for other companies. In this case, Pepsi should consider investing more money to motivate them to come to be the part of organization. There is another way is printing advertising. This way is the lowest investment, but getting high result. Pepsi has many retailer, outdoor events, and kiosks in Russia. Shaddy should use these channels to post a job advertisement. Many Russian might interest in job advertisement, and directly come to Shaddy. After finishing recruitment, a pool of qualified recruits is generated. Then, Shaddy should go to the step of selection. First, the people not meeting the essential selection criteria are eliminated first. The remaining are examined and those of them who most closely match the job specifications are identified and consideration. The job positions however require the experience to handle the job. The situation is that there are few Russians with relevant business experience, thus the intensive training program such as oversea training should be provided to them. Second, the test should be used for finding the appropriate Russians by testing ability, emotional intelligence, and specific thinking skill. The world-wide values of organization should be included in the test. For example, challenging assumptions to generate new ideas and approaches by situation testing. Next, the most important part of selection before hiring decision is the selection interview. Given people, who are selected, higher valid in prediction job performance, the focus should be on situational and behavioral questions. Shaddy should consider both their aspects and actions when they respond the questions. If Shaddy pays attention to all steps of recruitment and selection, Pepsi will get the efficient people to do the jobs. However, when getting the right people, how they should be compensated, trained and managed. The simple idea is that providing effective training programs in term of practice and theory, and these programs have to be analyzed and evaluated. The foreign assignment in the countries, in which PepsiCo succeeded, is helpful for new managers. There is the need to manage with a workforce and management colleagues whose cultural factors may be dramatically different from their own, and the considerable stress in foreign land can bring to bear on manager position, but they can learn other things from effective organizations in foreign countries so as to apply to use in Russia. The experience is also helping new managers to solve the problems which might be occurred during working. If Shaddy carefully consider in all above issues, he will hire the proficient Russians to become successful â€Å"Pepsi† people, and significantly contributes to be successful. Zagu Co. Background I. Company Background It took several months of experimentation, product sampling and planning before the first Zagu store was launched in April 0f 1999. Zagu was pioneered by a young enterprising lady with a degree in Food Science from University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. To this date, Zagu has blended more than 40 million pearl shakes. This is a pretty good number for something that they just call a passing fad. Zagu has grown from a tiny kiosk to a current network of over 290 outlets nationwide. Zagu has also gained recognition locally through awards such as the National Consumer Quality Awards and the Parangal ng Bayan People’s Choice Awards, and International recognition through our partner in Sydney, Australia. From Its humble beginning to its present success, Zagu has proven that it is not just a passing fad. 85% of their current stores have been occupying the same leased space for more than three years. Zagu foods can be found in malls, supermarkets and roadside locations. Behind the success of every Zagu store is the professional management team and dedicated employees committed to putting the customer first and achieving excellence in everything. The company bears the vision of providing fun, deliciously appetizing, uniquely enchanting food and beverage products while maintaining their commitment to uncompromised quality at economical rates with a heartening purpose to cater to society’s needs, taste and preferences; rather than simply convincing their customers to try and like whatever products they develop. The company’s mission is to provide the best quality, reasonably priced products in the Food and Beverage Industry and to continuously generate awareness, interest and desire for their products, resulting in frequent purchases. The objective of the company is to promote, protect and maintain their image at all times. Another is to make sure that each employee provides quality products and offer excellent service to all customers. Last is to make sure that all outlets are properly laid out, maintained and profitable. We have chosen Zagu – SM Manila outlet to have our study conducted. We would like to make a study regarding the process of making a shake in one of the famous shake store in the Metro – Zagu. Standard time data are element time standards, from time studies, that have been proven to be accurate and reliable. Analysts classify and file element standards so they can be readily abstracted when needed. The application of standard time data is fundamentally an extension of the same process used to arrive at allowed times through a stopwatch time study. Standard data can have several levels of refinement: motion, element, and task. The more refined the standard data element, the roader the range of usage. Standard Data are compiled from different elements in time studies of a given process over a period of time. Time Study is a technique for establishing an allowed time standard for performing a given task. This technique is based on measuring the work content of the prescribed method.

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Cultural and Historical Studies - Essay Example However, identity is a concept that is argumentative and compelling especially when associated with fashion. Usualy, fashion is utilised in the expression of self. By making use of certain appearances, persons are able to show who they are and what they aim to be. They are able to state that they would not like to be something else or like somebody else. Through these concepts, this paper aims at discussing the statement â€Å"â€Å"Fashion†¦provides individuals with a key means through which to manage their identities in the context of everyday life.† (Bennett, 2005, p. 98). Many a times, when people have wanted to express themselves, they have often gone after certain aspects of the visual. It is a common belief that through it, they will be able to show who they are or who they want to become. At the least, people are after attention, want to be seen and recognised when in a multitude of people. The building of an identity is very much inspired by the environment and culture that an individual identifies as his or her home. The environment and culture are both components of fashion. They are fashion components as they are used in the building of fashion. The norm has always been that the choice or selection that a person makes is an actualisation of who that person is and what he or she simply sees as the real deal. Thus through fashion, the individual is brought out and expressed to the outside world in silent choices, rather than through words. These silent choices are a compilation of the bits here and there that a person has picked up through sight and hearing. Bits obtained from other people, other cultures, and their culture. These bits have to be of the person’s liking, without which, the individual cannot take them up. However, people are faced by many dilemmas when it comes to making a selection of the style that is of one’s choice. The reason being that fashion is constituted by numerous styles and varieties. There are various

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Not sure - Essay Example Shortly after he fled, he traveled on road when it comes. Discussion It contained his real father, King Laius of Thebes and his bodyguards. When they ran it almost Oedipus attacked them, killing guard and his father, thinking they were bandits of road, and therefore unconsciously fulfilled prophecy. When he realizes he is devastated. It really helps question that you cannot escape past. Fact that and his father, however, is the important factor in exile later in history. When he discovers that King Laius was his real father, he sees that does not run away, he could have avoided this disaster as the whole. It just goes to show that hindsight is always 20/20; Oedipus saw this and realized his mistake. Understanding that he cannot go back and change your past is also the major theme of story. This fact too plays the big role in his mental collapse later in story. After he killed his father, he goes further down road when he, told him that if he cannot answer her riddle correctly, it wou ld kill him. It is possible to solve riddle of her and she kills herself in anger. When word was that which led to ( whose king he recently killed ) to adopt it as their new king, thanking their true king was killed by bandits, and give him queen, Queen Jocasta (his mother ) for their wedding. They lived happily for many years and had four children. When Oedipus learns about heinous crime he has committed, he almost dies. After disgrace of his country, and he launched himself and his daughter Antigun leave Thebes. Later, he died in exile in temple of Apollo in colon. Before he left Thebes, but he says he will do great things before he died, he told him reserved. He speaks with great arrogance at end of game when he said Creon to take care of her daughter and says he will do before you die. It is being able to still accomplish great things, even after these terrible crimes, such as incest and regicide. Understand that you cannot change or escape past, and you can achieve anything, ev en after committing heinous crimes in your life all that Oedipus sees his error after his life was ruined, and he sees he could stop (Sophocles 78-122). When you look at your life and see something that leads to bad consequences do, you see most often how you could have easily avoided, usually the small part in origin of whole ordeal. Throughout story, Oedipus haste or lack of patience is most obvious. Wanting to put the end to mystery of Laius’s death as quickly as possible, Oedipus kill or deport those who have information. Teiresias tested Oedipus' patience in early history of information, which he held in his hand, you have experience! This forward accusing Tiresias was bad, especially as Tiresias predicted end of history. If Oedipus was more patient and waited, he would not have been so upset about future or whipped, which was happen. However, this is not just the feature take its supreme authority. Oedipus displays of anger throughout story, which did not help at all. L atest sign of that was worst enemy of any Oedipus was his own veracity. Whenever new facts are presented, Oedipus gave them the honest opinion. Once he was the suspect, who was involved Oedipus, he admitted, I think I am disgusting my own ignorant edict. Oedipus retained no evidence its future potential foreclosure and loss of his royal status. As history has risen to highest point, Oedipus preserved evidence of shepherd, that it was the terrible hearing, but it needs hear

Digital and Marketing Communications Assignment

Digital and Marketing Communications - Assignment Example Introduction Social media has become an integral part of modern business management practices especially for the past few years. Most of the business firms have already appointed their own social media managers so as to pace with the emerging trend in the business communication tactics. The dramatic change with regard to business communication and business promotion strategies can be attributed to the increasing number of people using social media to keep in touch with their loved ones today. In other words, social media networks like facebook, Twitter, Orkut, Googletalk, etc have become the major platforms for millions of people across the world to interact with individuals from various cultures. Individuals obtain the opportunity to learn more about different cultural practices, norms, and beliefs this way. This is the context that forces business firms to perceive social media as the most innovative and rather potential podium for business promotion. Social media: An overview Inte rnet has been explosively growing over the last decade, for this worldwide network was found constructive for the whole world to be connected always. Internet has greatly changed the way people live and the mode they transact businesses. Needless to say, it is unimaginable to live without internet because this technology is playing a key role in different areas of the daily life. According to Wilder (2006, p. 204), one of the most noticeable effects of increased internet usage is that it promotes socialization, which is a dynamic learning process through which individuals and organizations change over time. Since internet influences cultural transitions, this global network significantly contributes to the pace of socialization (O’Keeffe 2011). Evidently, such dramatic improvements in information flow have had tremendous effects on the way companies run their day to day operations. Social communication websites like Facebook and Twitter allow people to open their own personal accounts and communicate with their friends around the world. It also allows people to make new acquaintances. The form of interaction addressed here is the facility of adding photos and videos. The website allows account holders to add photos and videos, and the viewers of the profiles have the chance to ‘like’, ‘comment’ or ‘share’ the photo and video. When it comes to business perspective, ‘Twitter Business Profile’ allow business firms to communicate with an unlimited number of customers simultaneously. In the same way, ‘Facebook fan page’ also offers very good opportunities for businesses to build their brand image and communicate with their customers in no time. LinkedIn is another network that enables entrepreneurs to find out potential candidates directly. Sony and Social Media As mentioned already, Sony is one of the leading firms that utilises the scope of social media for the promotion of their brand image and business communication. At this juncture, it is relevant to quote the social media policy of the firm; â€Å"Sony participates in social media to listen, learn and share stories of the passionate people who help bring Sony to life† (Sony: Social Media). Among the companies that use social media and web 2.0 technologies, Sony holds the prominent position. They effectively communicate with

The concept of a contract Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The concept of a contract - Case Study Example However, it was later viewed that lack of proper operational performance and improper management of DB, resulted in the failure of the overall project (USA Gov, 2013). Critically observing, it can be identified that DB had intentionally overlooked its implied obligation to maintain transparency and systematic order in its service delivery process. Tactfully, DB withdrew from performing any written contractual promises, which was overlooked by the other two parties involved in the contract. Certainly the absence of firm verbal intimation regarding the offer and acceptance of the contract along with specific proclamations of clauses to be adhered by the parties involved had been a major setback for the sufferer, i.e. SCT (USA Gov, 2013). However, given the legal guidelines of having a viable contract SCT can take legal directions even with the non-availability of any written proof to the contract. Considering, the fact that DB had delivered the services demanded through the contract by SCT, it can be affirmed that a contractual relationship existed between DB and SCT. 2. Ethics in legal decision making plays a vital role, as it helps in taking legal decisions, which are accepted within the societal context. Legal terms between the two parties owing to contractual agreement inculcate ethical considerations for effective completion of the contract. In a contractual agreement, ‘Breach of Confidence’ plays a vital role in assuring both the parties to undertake ethical measures within this particular contractual relationship. Critically, observing, it can be ascertained from the case study that two of the contractors of DB have violated the legal implications of ‘Breach of Confidence’. Considering the case scenario, it can be observed that two external contractors of DB have leaked some vital information relating to a contract of their company with a Taiwanese’s firm. The case further states that the two external contractors conveyed t he client i.e. SCT about the DB’s failure in meeting the requirements of the Taiwanese’s firm, which leads to a greater monetary loss of the parent company. However, owing to the aforesaid scenario, it can be comprehended that ethical and legal implications can be implemented complying with the disloyalty of the two external contractors. In this regard DB can firstly terminate the contract with both the contractor under the ‘Breach of Privacy Law’. Concerning with the abovementioned act, it implies about the authority of an organization to create its own privacy rule while making sure that minimum standards are applicable to protect the private information of the company (Andrews, 2011). Secondly the company can take legal action that would restrict the two contractors from conducting such illegal activity. Additionally, the company could also ask the legal advisor to undergo a detailed investigation about the whole scenario and make decisions accordingly. However, the company can ask the legal body to charge monetary fines pertaining to the breach of confidentiality as a legal implication. Considering the aforesaid scenario it can be apprehended that ethical consideration the company could have provided them their salary which would have restricted them from taking such illegal steps (Australian Government, 2012). 3. Critically, examining the case scenario, it can be comprehended that DB has violated numerous rules and regulations associated with the contractual agree

Kidney Stones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kidney Stones - Essay Example Men, on the other hand, tend to have complications when passing stones, making their condition known to them. Kidney stones are among many medical conditions that do not have a single, definite cause. Though multiple risk factors have been determined, it has been decided that each individual produces kidney stones for reasons that are specific to the individual body. However, it is understood that kidney stones develop as a result of an excess of calcium, oxalate, and uric acid, which is more than the fluid in the urine can dilute. This causes the urine to become too concentrated. The science behind why excess amounts of these minerals form into kidney stones continues to be researched. The risk factors behind the prevalence of kidney stones include a family history of kidney stones, being an adult, being male, obesity, dehydration, diets high in protein or sodium, and other digestive diseases. Since there are different ways for an individual to form kidney stones, different types of kidney stones have been recognized. Calcium stones form as a result of too much calcium oxalate in the body. This substance is common in many food products and is created regularly by the liver, making calcium stones the most common type of kidney stone (McAninch, 2013). Struvite stones form as the result of an infection in the urinary tract, and tend to be among the largest of kidney stones. Uric acid stones form as a result of an individual not drinking enough fluids or else lose too much fluids, causing the urine to consist primarily of minerals but very little fluid. Cystine stones are caused by a hereditary condition during which the kidneys excrete excessive amounts of the amino acid cystinuria. Regardless of the type or cause of the kidney stones, the symptoms are the same. In most cases, especially among women, a kidney stone does not prompt noticeable symptoms until the stone moves around within the kidney or passes through the ureter, which is the tube that connects the k idney to the bladder. The symptoms associated with the movement and passing of the kidney stone include severe pain below the ribs, pain in the groin and lower abdomen, pain during urination, blood in the urine, foul-smelling or cloudy urine, and frequent urination. If there is an infection that has caused a kidney stone to form, the individual may also experience fever, chills, and nausea. The symptoms of a kidney stone may intensify if the kidney stone shifts in location, such as its movement along the urinary tract. Kidney stones are treated based on what type of stone they are, their size, and where they are located within the body. If the individual has a smaller stone, they are often able to pass it without invasive treatment. In most cases, drinking large quantities of water can help to flush the urinary system, allowing the stone to pass, and over-the-counter pain relievers can decrease the intensity of pain associated with passing stones, especially for men. When needed, me dical therapy is also available in the form of an alpha blocker, which relaxes the ureter muscles (Rose & Post, 2001) and makes passing the kidney stone easier and less painful. When a stone is too large to pass or threatens to cause damage to the kidney or urinary tract, it may be broken up with a procedure known as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, which involves using sound waves to create shock waves that

The utilization of ACE inhibitors in Congestive Cardiac Failure Essay

The utilization of ACE inhibitors in Congestive Cardiac Failure - Essay Example Renin release is followed by conversion of hepatic angiotensinogen to angiotensin I which is subsequently converted to angiotensinogen II by the enzyme angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). ACE is found in high concentrations in the pulmonary circulation, systemic vasculature and kidney. Angiotensinogen in turn carries out two important independent actions to bring the hemostasis back to normal: the direct vasoconstrictve effect to improve the blood pressure and stimulation of adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone which results in sodium retention and potassium excretion. Aldosterone also responds to adrenocorticotrpic hormone (ACTH) and potassium excess for its release. The aldosterone action for sodium resorption by the distal convoluted involves the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR); the induction of the basolateral sodium-potassium ATPase pump and the apical sodium channel (Stewart pp1-10) (Weber 2001). Congestive cardiac failure is the condition when heart is unable to carry out its normal function of pumping blood to supply oxygen and nutrients to different parts of the body including vital organs, in other words there is an insufficient cardiac out to meet the demand of the body. Human body, initially, responses to this pathology by the expansion of the intravascular volume. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system comes into action to bring back the perfusion pressure and then maintain it. Renin stimulation increases the level of angiotensinogen II in the blood, which in turn increases the peripheral resistance to improve blood pressure and thus perfusion of the tissue. Secondly, it also stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone. Some other major stimuli, like angiotensinogen act to increase the secretion of aldosterone, which include: elevated potassium levels in exchange for sodium excretion and plasma corticotrophin level which increases in the congestive cardiac failure on long term basis. These two stimuli are very strong and eventually result in high levels of aldosterone in the circulation (Weber 2001) (Peterson 2002). Another factor which keeps aldosterone in very high concentration in the circulation is its decreased degradation in the liver because of reduced perfusion of liver in congestive cardiac failure. This reduction causes many fold increase in aldosterone level. So increase in angiotensinogen II due to overactivity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system results in the resorption of sodium from the proximal nephron and aldosterone release increases the resorption from the distal nephron. This also results in decreased serum level of potassium and magnesium. As body respond to the congestive cardiac failure on long-term basis so these changes in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may result in remodeling of various tissues in the body (Weber 2001). There are some morphological changes which occur as a result of the remodeling of various tissues. In response to increased aldosterone secretions, Na+ /K+-ATPase activity increases to maintain the osmolarity between extracellular and intracellular compartments. Some morphologic changes also occur resulting in perivascular, atrial and ventricular fibrosis. Thus may be due to increase in

Meaning of life Essay Example for Free

Meaning of life Essay â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. † –Nelson Mandela The importance of learning is to enable the individual to put his potentials to optimal use. Education makes man a right thinker and a correct decision-maker. It achieves this by bringing him knowledge from the external world, teaching him to reason and acquainting him with past history, so that he can be a better judge of the present. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outside world. A well educated man is a more dependable worker, a better citizen, a centre of wholesome influence, pride to his community and honour to his country. A nation is great only in proportion of its advancement in education. Education is Self Empowerment. Receiving a good education makes a person strong enough to look after himself in any given situation. It keeps him aware of the given surrounding as well as the rules and regulations of the society. Its only through knowledge that one can question authority for its negligence or discrepancies and only then that can a person avail his rights as a citizen and seek improvement in the structural functioning of governance and economy. As a whole, people can bring about development only when they know where improvement is necessary for the greater good of mankind. Education gives a better understanding to the person, it helps realize potential and qualities one possesses as a human being. It helps tap into latent talent, so that people can sharpen their skills. Education teaches what man lives and struggles for. It cultivates an integrated life. By so doing, it gives significance of life. It helps restores financial stability and dignity of life. It is the essential basis of a good life. Education enlightens and lifts a nation to heights of progress. The problem in India is that it has adopted democracy without preparing the ground for it by educating population. But its never too late to undertake mass programmes of Adult education or Social education. Adult education is the education of grown up men and women. In the complex modern times, people must be knowledgeable and be aware of what they are doing and what is being done to them. To create such sentience every responsible citizen should take up this social cause and educate the knowledge deprived people. Teaching a daily worker for just an hour daily can change their lives in propitious ways as it was rightly quoted by Neil Armstrong, ‘One small step is a giant leap for mankind’. In recent history our country has taken up good measures to ensure a high educated population by taking up several social causes and concentrating on the rural areas, since they comprise a majority but the system has been laid back due the restraints imposed by old cultural ethics. For the past few centuries in India, the girl has been completely neglected even as a human being, her sole purpose of life has been to feed the family and bear a child. Good education has been denied to women. It is argued that women have their domestic duties to perform and that, if they were educated, they would bury themselves in their books and have little time for attending to the management of their households. But what people fail to understand is education involves knowledge of the means by which health may be preserved and enable a mother to consult such modern books as will tell her how to rear up her children into healthy men and women and skilfully nurse them and her husband, when disease attacks her household. The purpose of education is not just earning a livelihood but education makes an individual into a good human being, which is passed on to the next the kith and kin. It is true that, the education of girls has lately taken a slight leap but this is only in a very small segment of Indian society. Unless the motion is fast and continuous, and includes more of poor urban and rural girls in the field of education, there can be no hope of having a developed and first world country status for India. â€Å"When a man is educated, only he is educated but, when a woman is educated, a family is educated. † – Indira Gandhi â€Å"Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that the son of a mineworker can become the head of the mine, that a child of farworkers can become the president of a great nation. It is what we make out of what we have, not what we are given, that separates one person from another. † – Nelson Mandela.

Celebrities And Human Obsessions Media Essay

Celebrities And Human Obsessions Media Essay Have you ever had favorite superstars as idols in mind that you dream to become just like them? The more we visualize ourselves as a celebrity, the more obsessions we have. We all enjoy hearing the latest celebrity gossip from time to time. Who doesnt enjoy hearing about the hottest celebrity wedding of the year or the worst celebrity makeover? What do you think about these topics on the news headlines? Jessica Lowndes wears a see-through dress. For Jakey, probably., Sparkles wants to start a family. Awà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦, Pillow-fight! Hailee Steinfeld, etc play around in Vogue (The Gossip Wire). Media has been following a lot of celebrity actions and spread it in the public. The causes of having too much media attention towards celebrities could lead to negative effects of being bad examples for audiences, wasting peoples times, and interfering with celebritys privacy, and lead to positive effects of giving people an opportunity to be famous, providing benefits for media organizations, and being good examples for audiences. Have you ever wondered why people are so into celebrities? Have you ever thought of why it is that we spend our times studying celebrities bibliography and possibly their every action? According to Jake Halpern, the author of the book, Fame Junkies: The Hidden Truths Behind Americas Favorite Addiction. Kids see fame as a cure-all for problems, he said (Gilsdorf, The Christian Science Monitor). Secondly, it is because celebrities are always there wherever people go, on Television, newspaper, magazines on sidewalks, or even posters in restrooms. According to Star Struck New Internationalist, Celebrity worship syndrome (CWS) is an obsessive-addictive disorder in which a person becomes overly involved with the details of a celebritys personal life. Celebrities worship syndrome is consisted of three types. Entertainment-social is when people are attracted to their stars for entertainment, such as I like watching and hearing about my favorite celebrity when I am with a large group of peopl e. Intense-personal is when fans feel attracted to celebrities with an deep feeling or bonds themselves to stars such as When something bad happens to my favorite celebrity I feel like it happened to me , and borderline-pathological, which is when fans mix fantasies with realities and lead to an uncontrollable behavior such as I have frequent thoughts about my favorite celebrity, even when I dont want to (Maltby, 1157-1172). First of all, too much media attention on celebrities could give bad examples for audiences. Not all celebrities act and behave appropriately despite of them being observed by the media therefore it is then possible that celebrity fans, especially kids who do not have much life experiences would absorb and follow those inappropriate actions and behaviors. For instance, partying is one of the very well known lifestyle that celebrities have. Paris Hilton a very popular celebrity that almost everyone would notice the name, not only because of her works, but also because of her personality and social behavior. Apart from the partying lifestyle, celebrities are also easily exposed to drugs. Some use drugs to help them maintain their work efficiency, to gain fame, or even to stay in shape. Also, celebrities generally possess a great amount of financial resources to support their will just to purchase anything they would like. According to Daily Mail Reporter, Britney Spears spends  £11,000 monthly to stay in shape and look good, including the costs for nutrition, personal trainer, and a private dance choreographer (Daily Mail Reporter, Mail Online). Moreover, the incident when Michael Jackson committed suicide led to twelve deaths of his fans who died from committing suicide following their favorite star. According to The Sun News, one of Michael Jacksons fans named Pà ¡vel Talalà ¡yev was found and rescued from his attempt to commit suicide several hours after the news of Michael Jackson committing suicide broke out. One of the ambulance men said: He was in a terrible state and kept on saying: Its all the same to me. Im going to kill myself. Its the worst tragedy of my life and I dont want to live any more. I dont know why you saved my life, I want to be with him. (Soodin, The Sun) These inappropriate behaviors could then mislead her fans toward downward paths of living. Having celebrity worship syndrome could lead to unhealthy and unsteady mindsets. Celebrities are considered to live in a world that very few can hope to emulate. This then sometimes drives celebrity worshipping kids to feel like their own individual personalities are worthless because these kids could potentially form and develop unrealistic expectations in their minds about becoming a celebrity. Additionally, there are celebrities who became popular without using much of a specific requirement in recent days. However, these kids often realize the very unlikely possibility once they mature and finally cause them become to be lost and unhappy. Secondly, another negative effect is that people waste too much times once media gives out too much attention to celebrities. When media focuses too much on the celebrity headlines, people tend to overlook the important information needed in their lives. According to a new Rasmussen Reports national telephone survey, 87% of American Adults admit that Americans pay  too much attention to celebrity news and not enough attention to news that has real impact on their lives (Rasmussen, Rasmussen Reportsà ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢). Imagine when the news paper headlines are filled with celebrity topic headlines and the news of stock market are put in a very small column of the newspaper that people hardly recognize. This has happened countless of times especially in newspaper, and it distracts people from the reality of their lives and causes their works to suffer. Elizabeth Farrar, a teacher from a primary school in Scunthorpe in the United Kingdom, said that too many pupils thought that they could become successful in the future by spending times trying to be famous and wealthy via media and that it would be unnecessary to have an academic success. They believe that they are much more likely to achieve financial well-being through celebrity than through progression to higher education and a proper career. (BBC News). Thirdly, keeping eyes on the celebrities is also interference to them. Everyone has the right to have secrets in their lives and keep in their minds, including celebrities. However, celebrities usually have to live their lives with public eyes targeting at them almost all the time. According to an interview with Jessica Biel on a question on how it is like to live in a public eyes Its wonderful to do what I do, but everything that goes with it? Its bizarre. She said, The invasion of privacy is very tough. I am followed all day, every day. Going to the dentist, the cleaners. I guess I could look like sh-t giong to the dentist, but only if I didnt care what I saw in the papers. ( OK! Magazine). Being celebrities would loose the time and opportunity to being herself because they all have to be concerned about how their appearances, choices of words and actions all the time because the media only focus on drawing their spectators and increase their revenue. In such competitive environmen t, celebrities normally would have to live with a lot of stress, and with an addition of paparazzi, press media, and all the public opinions which would become a workload of stress for these stars. Moreover, these media could also impact the celebrities by putting pressures on them to change themselves to be something that people would want to see. For example, Emma Watson, a very well known actor as Hermione in Harry Potter, said that stylists had been trying to put her in mini-skirts to make her look sexy. If I do a photo-shoot people desperately want to change me dye my hair blonder, pluck my eyebrows, give me a fringe. She said, Then theres the choice of clothes. I know everyone wants a picture of me in a mini-skirt. But thats not me. I feel uncomfortable. Id never go out in a mini-skirt. Its nothing to do with protecting the Hermione image. I wouldnt do that. (Sutrathada, The Celebrity Cafe). It can be seen that by putting too much attentions on celebrities could lead to many negative effects. However, sometimes these media sources could give out positive feedbacks to many in the society as well. Firstly, people could have more opportunity of becoming famous from media, rumors, and scandals. Many people try to or were put in a certain circumstance that creates rumors or stories throughout the media and allow them to eventually become well known in the public. For instance, Paris Hilton was originally known as a great-granddaughter of a billionaire Conrad Hilton, the founder of Hilton Hotel, one of the most famous hotels in the world. Then there was a sex tape of Paris Hilton, 1 Night in Paris pornography film released into the media in 2004. This sex tape was one of the top gossip topics of the year, but ended up boosting her fame to become one of the celebrity stars (Morgan, Associated Content). People with talents might also find the surging of media industry as an opportunity to become famous. With a modern technology in the current world, media has become so easily accessible for people including video channels on internet like Youtube and Myspace. Justin Drew Bieber, a v ery popular Canadian singer and actor have become one of the most well known celebrities by uploading his recorded singing performances on Youtube. His popularity on the site kept growing larger and larger until Scooter Braun, an American manager found Justins videos on the site (Dutta, Buzzle Web Portal). This then allowed Justin Bieber to get an opportunity to become a singer and eventually a very famous celebrity. It could be seen that people could become celebrities by using media as a tool that allows them to be well known and eventually a celebrity. Secondly, media organization could also gain benefits from mass producing media relating to celebrities. In yearly basis, media organizations that are based on celebrities, such as celebrity magazine industries could gain large amount of incomes from people. For instance, According to Marketwire in 2006 People Magazine had a circulation of 3.73 million and its revenue was expected to top $1.5 billion on that year (Marketwire). The more celebrity news spread throughout the world, the more money the media would be able to raise because many people have got a celebrity worship syndrome. Thirdly, the media could spread the messages of generous works that celebrities committed to the world as an example for people. Generally celebrities have always been seen as an ideal for people, especially teenagers and kids and set an example for them with their characteristics of being hard workers, diligent, and all good actions they committed like charity involvements. Media then becomes the source to provide these good deeds that celebrities commit throughout their careers via different channel communications; televisions, newspapers, magazines, and etc. This allows the good messages to be sent to an audience and therefore gives out positive effects to the society. For instance, Samuel Dalembert, currently a NBA basketball player of Sacramento Kings in the United States tried his best to give out and provide supports for his hometown Haiti from the chaotic incident that happened in January 2010. Look at me, Im living in a beautiful place. Im blessed to be doing this. But a par t of me said, You can help; you can do more,' he said. He has committed at least $2 millions to donate for Haiti, and since he is a famous basketball player in the United States (Tomasson, AOL News), his fames would provoke the media to take recognition, and automatically spread the news of his actions throughout the world via media, and that people can see his actions. Not only basketball players commit themselves to charity, super stars like Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt also established their own charity organization named Jolie-Pitt Foundation. The Foundation was established in 2006, and the purpose of the organization is to aid people throughout the world. According to Look to the Stars, Jolie-Pitt Foundation has provided aids to people whose lives are in trouble, whether the cases of violences, armed conflict, health care, and many more in nearly 60 countries (Look to the Stars). These good deeds that the celebrities comitted are spread throughout the world through medias, and could  ­motivate people to follow them as examples to help the society. In conclusion, the impact media focusing too much attention on celebrities could have both negative and positive effects. Some audiences waste their times becoming addicted and obsessed with what media is trying to inform about their favorite celebrities, and some celebrities are facing hard time being threatened by media. On the other hand, some people can see an opportunity of becoming a celebrity by using the media, media can also gain some benefits from celebrities, and some celebrities are being a good example for the audiences. While some of their behaviors are not appropriate for audiences, personally I think that there is nothing wrong with consuming media, but all audiences have to be careful not to get too obsessed with them and consider what the media is trying to inform because part of it might contain inappropriate information. Therefore, I think it is crucial to be aware of the contents and messages that the media provides, follow the behaviors of the good celebrities, then learn and stay away from the inappropriate actions.

Tours To Niagara Falls From New York City Tourism Essay

Tours To Niagara Falls From New York City Tourism Essay New York is one of the most popular tourist destinations. It is the financial capital of America and is also called the big apple. A large number of tourists visit New York every year and the number just keeps on increasing. New York has a number of beautiful locations for sightseeing, such as the Statue of Liberty, the Empire State Building, Times Square, WTC memorial, Central Park and many museums, theatres, art galleries, university campuses and amusement parks. Various city tours such as escorted tours, group tours, bus tours, car tours, private tours and individual tours are arranged for the tourists according to their preferences. Escorted tours are structured programs inclusive of sightseeing, meals and accommodations for a group of tourists traveling together, led by well-informed escorts. Escort tours are very popular in America, as they take care of all the details, such as flight bookings, arrival pick up and drop, hotel accommodation, sightseeing and any other requirement that may arise. This gives the tourists a stress- free and enjoyable experience and they are able to make the most of their holiday. The duration of these escorted tours depends on the package chosen by the tourists. They are normally fast paced and wind up in a day or two. Some of the tours cover all the major sightseeing locations in a day, while others offer a more detailed tour. These escort tours give real value for money and time. Tour directors mainly conduct escorted tours and take full responsibility for the tourists and their needs. These tours are conducted by motor coach. Escorted tours offer a very secure sightseeing experience, as the escort is available for any issues tourists might have. A number of New York tour operators offer escorted tours priced at a slightly higher rate than regular tours. Tours To Niagara Falls From New York City New York city is a popular holiday destination, with many attractions and exotic locations. Niagara Falls is located at a distance of one hour, by flight from New York City. Many tour operators arrange convenient one-day tours from the city. The tour operators even arrange the pick- up from the hotel. This is extremely beneficial for tourists who are staying at the New York hotels. Niagara Falls is on the international borders of USA and Canada and can be accessed from both the countries. It is close to Buffalo in New York State and from there, it can be accessed by road. The Niagara Falls is the second largest waterfall in the world and attracts nearly twelve million tourists every year. Some of the tours are conducted at night, when the falls take on a different look. The guided tours are available in foreign languages, such as Spanish, Mexican, Chinese and Russian. These are season specific and are available only in the peak seasons. Most of the tours from New York are also designed for handicapped people and the tour operators make the necessary facilities available, for their transportation and movement. The tour operators also offer discounts on their services. Some tours are arranged by road, but it takes almost eight hours to reach the falls and so the duration of the tour could exceed a day. Boat rides are also included in the tour package, by which tourists get to experience the thrill of being showered by the Niagara Falls. The tours also include a ride in the specially designed elevators that are very close to the falls, to give a closer view. A number of tour operators arrange a variety of tours from New York City to Niagara Falls. Prices vary depending on the type of tour chosen. Free New York City Tours The big apple, as New York is fondly referred to, is the busiest tourist destinations in America. It has a number of attractions and breath-taking locations, that are a tourists delight any time of the day or night. New York is one of the leading metropolitan cities in the world and is considered the finance capital of the world. New York is one of the most expensive cities to tour in the world. Many NGOs and local groups arrange free tours for groups of five to six people. The main purpose of these free tours is to change the opinion many people harbor, that New York is a city without a heart. The idea behind the free tours is to enable tourists with rigid budgets, to be able to enjoy their holiday. These tours help the tourists to cut down on the extra expenses they would normally incur on sight seeing. Some well-known banks also offer free tours of their premises on certain days. The duration of these tours is limited to few hours and tourists need to make advance reservations in order to avail of them. Similarly many public parks, stadiums, art societies and museums offer free tours on certain days and at specific times. These tours also have the free services of qualified guides, who give all the historic and strategic importance of the place being toured. Tourists can also research all the free tour options and reduce their cost on touring considerably. Most of these tours are held as free walking tours to the citys famous landmarks. These free tours are a great way to tour the city and enjoy it with family, friends and fellow tourists. A list of all free tours reveals that, almost half of New York City can be toured without spending much. A Guide To New York City Tours New York city is one of the most popular holiday destinations in the world. It is well known for its tall buildings, nightlife and the world famous Statue of Liberty. This finance capital of the world is expensive to tour, but a little research definitely helps. It is natural to get confused while personally designing a tour of this big city, after observing its diverse cultural heritage. Hence, it is advisable to conduct a little research and use the expertise of a tour guide. Many reputed newspapers and magazines of New York publish city guides, in order to help the tourist to find relevant information, even before arriving in the city. Many travel agents conduct their own research and compile their own guides. These guides could be biased towards their own services. Many professionals choose tourism as a profession and dedicate their whole life to gaining valuable, hands- on experience of the tours available. The tour guides compiled and written by them are by far the most accurate and useful to all tourists. These tour guides can be purchased at reputed bookstores and on the Internet. Many travel related websites also conduct their own surveys and compile tour guides. There are many websites dedicated to tourism in New York and tourists find them very useful. A standard tour guide gives the names, addresses and contact numbers of all the hotels and resorts present in the city. It includes the names of all the travel agents, timings and information regarding all the flights and trains arriving and leaving New York, with location maps. The guides also have information of all the tourist attractions and suitable timings. Important information regarding the emergency telephone numbers and contact addresses of all hospitals, police stations and country specific embassies are also included in these guides.

Hippocrates, The Father Of Medicine :: essays research papers

Hippocrates, the Father of Medicine   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hippocrates, greatest physician of antiquity, is regarded as the father of medicine. Born on the island of Kos, Greece in the year 460 b.c., says the earliest biography written by Soranus of Ephesus in the a third century a.d. Although a native of Kos he was forced to leave the island as the result of a fire for which he was blamed. He traveled to many other islands to practice medicine. Most of the cases in the two books of Epidemics considered to be genuine are located at Thasos, a small island in the North Aegean Sea, and at Abdera, a town on the adjacent mainland; but there are also references to Cyzicus, on the south coast of the Sea of Marmara, and to Larisa and Meliboea in Thessaly. He died, according to tradition, in Larissa, Greece; little else is known about him. His name is associated wioth the Hippocratic Oath, though he probably is not the author of the document. In fact, of the approximately 70 works ascribed to him in the Hippocratic Collection, Hippocrates may actually have written about six of them. The Hippocratic Collection probably is the remnant of the medical library of the famous Kos school of medicine. His teachings, sense of detachment, and ability to make direct, clinical observations probably influenced the other authors of these works and had much to do with freeing ancient medicine from superstition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Among the more significant works of the Hippocratic Collection is Airs, Waters, and Places, which, instead of ascribing diseases to divine origin, disusses their environmental causes. It proposes that considerations such as a town's weather drinking water, and site along the paths of favorable winds can help a physician ascertain the general health of citizens. Three other works- Prognostic, Coan Prognosis, and Aphorisms -advanced the then- revbolutionary idea that, by observing enough cases, a physician can predict the course of a disease.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The idea of preventative medicine, first concieved in Regimen and Regimen in Acute Diseases, sterss not only diet but also the patient's general

A Comparison of the Quest for Enlightenment in Candide and Dream of the

Quest for Enlightenment in Candide and Dream of the Red Chamber      Ã‚   Seventeenth-century Europe saw the end of the Renaissance and ushered in the Neoclassic era. During this period, which is also called the Enlightenment and "The Age of Reason," society advocated rationalism and urged the restraint of emotion. Writers modeled their works after the Greco-Roman satires and picaresque novels. At around the same time in China, the author of Dream of the Red Chamber explores a different kind of enlightenment, whose roots are in religion. Buddha is called "The Enlightened One," and one of the major concerns of Buddhism is "Why do we suffer and feel pain?"    Candide by Voltaire and Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xuegin introduce characters and motifs that have become illustrations of the quest for enlightenment. Candide, in the spirit of the European Enlightenment, is a satire on philosophy and religion. Voltaire uses this work to candidly criticize irrational optimism and thought control. Interestingly, the word "candid" even makes up a part of Candide's name, and Voltaire uses hyperbole to contribute to his concept of extremes. After being kicked out of his home, Candide wanders and drags "himself toward the neighboring town . . . dying of hunger and fatigue." Later, he "embraced the Baron and Pangloss a hundred times."      Pangloss, Candide's tutor, teaches a strange subject called "metaphysico-theologo-cosmolo-nigology," and one of the towns Candide visits is named "Valdberghoff-trarbk-dikdorff."   It is these details that accentuate Voltaire's criticism of irrational behavior. He further stresses his point with the characters' rationalization of hardship as being "everything is for the best." regardless of how ... ...eam of the Red Chamber is also related to the happiness material things can bring. Chen Shih-yin gives up his material possessions and begins a journey to enlightenment. While both author seem to renounce or denounce the world, they also appear to espouse the "seize the day" philosophy, so that one will not have regrets.    Works Cited Voltaire. Candide or Optimism. Trans. Donald M. Frame. The HarperCollins World Reader: The Modern World. Ed. Mary Ann Caws and Christopher Prendergast. New York: HarperCollins, 1994. 1933-1997. Other versions have also been consulted. Cao Xuegin. Dream of the Read Chamber. An excerpt and adaptation. Trans. Chi-Chen Wang. The HarperCollins World Reader: The Modern World. Ed. Mary Ann Caws and Christopher Prendergast. New York: HarperCollins, 1994. 1469-1478. Other versions, including the original, have also been consulted.

The Jealous and Selfish Characters of Shakespeares Othello :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Jealous and Selfish Characters of Othello  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the play Othello, there are many jealous and selfish characters. Each of the characters at one point or another let their jealousy take over. It seems like they all have these plots and plans on how to hurt another character in the play either physically or emotionally, as an act of selfishness, so that they can feel better about themselves. One main character who seems extremely jealous in this play is Iago. Infact, probably the most jealous. Many bad things happen because of Iago. The first bad thing that Iago did, was tell Barbantio (Desdamona's father) that Desdemona has married Othello, the Moore. Iago was mad at Othello, because Cassio had made Othello a higher position and not Iago. Iago thought that he was the one who qualified for the position as general, not Othello. Iago was jealous because of this, so he decided to tell Barbantio about Desdemona and Othello. This was bad, because Barbantio did not know yet, and something like that should have been said by his own daugh ter, not someone who was not part of the family. The way Iago went about telling him was also bad. He called to his house in the middle of the night. He yelled it to Barbantio from downstairs into his window in a rude manner. " quote from Othello here." He wanted Barbantio to be upset about what had happened, and most of all, he wanted Barbantio to be mad at Othello and do something bad to him. This was an act of selfishness on Iago's side. Iago's main reason for doing all this, was not to inform Barbantio, but to make everyone dislike Othello so that he could become general. Roderigo also helped out with telling Barbantio about Othello and Desdamona's eloping. The reason Roderigo did this, was not to let Barbantio know for his purposes, but merely for his own selfish reasons. Just as Iago did. Roderigo was in love with Desdemona and wanted to marry her. When he found out that Othello had already married her, he wanted to get rid of him so that he would still have a chance with her. I think that Roderigo may have known that he did not have a chance with Desdemona and that she really did love Othello, and that made him very jealous. He did not like Othello because of this, and that's why he wanted to destroy his reputation.

James Watt Biography

James Watt is one of the most acclaimed personalities in physics. His work became a helpful contribution during the Industrial Revolution, which later became the bedrock of innovation in machineries. He is popularly accredited for his invention of the steam engine. In fact he modified the engine of Thomas Newcomen to the extent that it became a practical, efficient machine capable of application to a variety of industrial tasks. Watt's engine focused on the conversion of heat to mechanical work. It helped improve the understanding on the efficiency of heat engines which led to the development of the field of physics called thermodynamics. http://www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/James_Watt) James Watt was born in Greenock, Scotland on January 19, 1736 to a chandler and joiner. Throughout his life he suffered serious attacks of migraines and toothaches,and at school both his peers and teachers took a poor view of this weakness. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) He was a thin and weakly child. At grammar school, he fell in love with mathematics, but the recurrent attacks of migraine led him to stop going to school, so he devoted his time working in his father's workshop instead. Watt felt happy with working in his father's workshop so much that he did not go back to school. Watt learned carpentry from his father. His father primarily worked in shipbuilding and he taught Watt on how to build ships and crafts. Soon, Watt developed great skill in ship navigation, quadrants, telescopes, and compasses, and by his mid-teens he wanted to become an instrument maker. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) His father was supportive of him. Unfortunately, there was no opportunity for Watt to train in making instruments in Greenock because there were no instrument-makers there, so on advice, Watt went to Glasgow, Scotland in 1754, in an attempt to become an apprentice in instrument making. In Glasgow, he worked with an optician and worked as an odd-job man for a year. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) In Glasgow, Watt became acquainted with a scientist named Robert Dick. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) Robert Dick, a university scientist, was impressed with Watt's basic skills and knowledge in instrument making that he advised Watt to further hone his skills in this trade in London. In London, Watt discovered that he could not get an apprenticeship because the instrument makers protected their trade by rules of a body known as the Worshipful Company of Clock-makers. The only employment was for fully-trained instrument makers or trainees serving seven-year apprenticeships. Eventually, he was able to secure a position through unusual conditions. John Morgan, an instrument maker in London, set aside the rules and took him in to be his apprentice on the condition that Watt would be given only a meager salary. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) With John Morgan, Watt learned the skills of instrument-making. John Morgan was impressed with Watt that he agreed to shorten the period of apprenticeship from the required period of seven-years to a period of one year. Watt took the offer in 1755. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) Watt worked with vigor and passion. He was so devoted with his goal to be an instument-maker that he spent much of his time working and learning the art of instrument-making. During the period of his apprenticeship with John Morgan, Watt was able to surpass the skills of the official apprentice who was already working there for two years. He was so dedicated with his job that he worked 10 hours a day. After hours, he worked for a small amount of cash because the wage he received as an apprentice was not enough. Porter, Ogilve, 2000) Watt's health deteriorated because he spent long hours working with only a small amount of food. During this time, Britain was at war with France, and the military would force into service any able-bodied men. Watt avoided the streets for this reason and this contributed to the further deterioration of his health. Yet he persevered and was able to finish his apprentice ship until illness forced him to return to Greenock in 1756. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) After recovery, he set up a business as an instrument maker in Glasgow, but found that the other instrument makers shunned his credentials and training. However, the university professors recognized his abilities and encouraged him to work in the university. They agreed for Watt to set up a shop within its grounds and they created the position, â€Å"Mathematical Instrument Maker to the University. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) In 1757, he worked in Glasgow University where he proudly described himself as â€Å"Instrument Maker to Glasgow University. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) It was in this period that he developed the steam engine. During the Industrial Revolution in the years 1760 to 1830, the economy of most part of Europe changed and the progress of developing technology accelerated. Technology was at the core of everything. The period was overflowing with engineers, mechanics, millwrights, and dexterous and imaginative tinkers who spent their time and energy designing better pumps, pulleys, pendulums, and other simple machines. It was at this time that the most famous invention during the Industrial Revolution was invented: the steam engine. (http://www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/James_Watt) The first steam engine prototype was built by a Frenchman named Denis Papin, but the first useful atmospheric steam engine was built in 1712 by a Cornish mechanic named Thomas Newcomen. Newcomen's invention was used in Britain for almost half a century. The machine, however, was noisy and it used too much fuel. (www. us. oup. com/us/pdf/economic. history/industrial. pdf) One day in 1763, Professor John Anderson, a professor in the university, approached James Watt and showed him a lab-scale model of the Newcomen pump to investigate why the model required so much steam. The model would stall after a few pumps. The machine proved to be temperamental and difficult to operate without air entering the cylinder and destroying the vacuum. He required Watt to repair the engine. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) Watt set on to investigate the problem. He discovered that the flaw was due to an undersized boiler that could not provide enough steam to reheat the cylinder after a few strokes. Aside from that, the Newcomen engine was inefficient, slow, and too costly. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) The Newcomen pumps required such vast quantities of steam since they were cooled during every stroke, then reheated. The steam in the cylinder was condensed by a jet of water, thus creating a vacuum that, in turn, was filled during the power stroke by the atmosphere pressing the piston to the bottom of the cylinder. On each stroke the cylinder was heated by the steam and cooled by the injected water, thus absorbing a tremendous amount of heat. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) Watt needed a way to condense the steam without cooling the cylinder. The idea did not come to him overnight, it took him months to arrange his plans and to experiment. However, it was during one of his Sunday afternoon walks when the inspiration got to him. Watt later described the moment of inspiration: â€Å"I had gone to take a walk on a fine Sabbath afternoon, early in 1765. I had entered the green by the gate at the foot of Charlotte Street and had passed the old washing-house. I was thinking upon the engine at the time, and had gone as far as the herd's house, when the idea came into my mind that as steam was an elastic body it would rush into a vacuum, and if a communication were made between the cylinder and an exhausted vessel it would rush into it, and might be there condensed without cooling the cylinder. I then saw that I must get rid of the condensed steam and injection-water if I used a jet as in Newcomen's engine. Two ways of doing this occurred to me. First, the water might be run off by a descending pipe, if an offlet could be got at the depth of thirty-five or thirty-six feet, and any air might be extracted by a small pump. The second was to make the pump large enough to extract both water and air. . . . I had not walked farther than the golf-house when the whole thing was arranged in my mind. † (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) Watt was able to solve the problem of the Newcomen engine. He made a separate condenser, with this, he could keep the cylinder hot, and the condenser fairly cold by lagging, thus improving the thermal efficiency of the machine and the economics of its operation. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) He introduced a number of famous improvements to the steam engine until he was able to effectively make a different model, such as a separate condenser, the principle of double-acting expansion, improved gears, and regulators. Watt turned steam power from an atmospheric pump to a true steam engine. www. us. oup. com/us/pdf/economic. history/industrial. pdf) Watt's University friends introduced him to John Roebuck, an industrialist who held leases on coal deposits. Roebuck agreed to back the development of a full-scale engine after he saw the model work. He would finance the development of the engine. Watt developed a full-scale model which Roebuck used in his coal mine. However, the progress in developi ng the engine was slow because Roebuck did not employ machinists who were competent enough to do the job. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) In 1767, Watt traveled to England to acquire a patent for his engine with his Roebuck. The patent was granted in 1769. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) On his way to Scotland, he met Matthew Boulton. Boulton was a major manufacturer in Birmingham and had the financial capacity to exploit Watt's engine. Eventually, Boulton was able to buy out Roebuck and he began manufacturing the engine. Meanwhile, Watt moved to Birmingham and made his living as a canal surveyor from 1767 and 1774. Although he was successful at this, his health suffered, and so he joined Boulton in his shop. Porter, Ogilve, 2000) From 1775, Boulton and Watt formed a partnership. Boulton manufactured Watt's engines at the Soho Foundry, near Birmingham. Boulton hired highly skilled craftsmen who helped them develop the engine. They called the engine, Boulton-Watt engine. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) The engine was then used in mines. The Boulton-Watt engines becam e a success. Pumps were installed in mines and Watt became busy maintaining business at Cornwall mines. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) Over the next several years, Watt introduced further improvements on the design until it became more efficient than its predecessor. He developed a double acting engine. At age 45, Watt developed his next great invention. The invention was the sun and planet gear system. By means of a mechanical linkage known as the ‘parallel motion' and an extra set of valves, the engine was made to drive on both the forward and the background strokes of the piston, and the sun and planet gear system permitted the rotative wheel to turn more than once per stroke of the piston This engine was quickly used by cotton and wooden mills. http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) He was able to acquire the patents of the double-acting engine and the sun and planet gear system in 1781 and 1782. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) Between 1775 and 1790, Watt made other inventions. He invented an automatic centrifugal governor, which cut off the steam when the engi ne began to work too quickly and turned it on again when it had slowed sufficiently. He also devised the steam indicator which shows the steam pressure and degree of vacuum within a cylinder. He also invented a way of copying letters and drawings. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) In 1782 a sawmill ordered an engine that was to replace 12 horses. In determining the price of his steam engines, Watt rated his engines in horsepower. After many experiments, he concluded that a horsepower was equivalent to 15,000kg/33,000 lb raised through 0. 3m/ft each minute. This method of describing the capability of the engine continued until recent years. (http://www. egr. msu. edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio. html) In 1785, Watt was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. During the last decade of the 18th century, the active management of the Soho Works was taken over by Boulton and Watt's sons, and in 1800, when the patent rights to the engine expired, Watt retired from the business but he continued designing and constructing copying machines. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) Watt died on August 25, 1819 at the age of 83, leaving the legacy of highly useful machines. His original steam engine of 1765 is now in the Science Musem in London. His name has become immortalized as the unit of power; a watt is one joule per second, and one horsepower is equivalent to about 746 watts. (Porter, Ogilve, 2000) References Porter, Roy, Marilyn Ogilvie as consultant editors (2000) The Biographical Dictionary of Scientists 3rd Edition, New York: Oxford University Press http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/James_Watt http://www.egr.msu.edu/~lira/supp/steam/wattbio.html www.us.oup.com/us/pdf/economic.history/industrial.pdf

Global Strategy of Sony Ericsson Essay

In 2001, Sony Ericsson is established by the Japanese company Sony (a consumer electronics corporation) as a fifty-fifty joint venture with the Swedish telecommunications company Ericsson (a mobile communications infrastructure and systems business) which offers mobile phones, accessories and applications. Before the merger, its provides expertise in mobile communication, after the merger, its provide both the consumer electronics and content expertise. In 2011, Sony Ericsson changes their global strategy by focusing more on high end smartphones. At the same times, Sony Ericsson will focus on their key markets, which is including the U.S., Russia, China and Germany. The transaction gives Sony focus on high end smartphones product includes their accessories and application that will lead to profitability and the growth of its business. However, the company facing new challenges in this dynamic changing environment, aggressive competition will affect the global market share of the company and it revenue. In 2012, Sony Ericsson becomes an end when Sony’s announcement that it will acquired 50 percent stake in Sony Ericsson, changed its name to Sony Mobile Communications AB (SMEC) let Sony Ericsson becomes an affiliated company of Sony Corporation (Sony). Sony is a multinational corporation, one of the most leading brand and its functions as designing, manufacturing, marketing mobiles phones and its accessories. With the announcement of acquisition, it will be a brand new start for Sony Ericsson to embark within the Sony family, expanded their marketing activities. Sony Ericsson use outsourcing for the customer interaction centre is another global strategy. This customer interaction centre is established to solve and meet all customer requirements and their problems, and at the same time reducing their cost for expansion.

The Thing in the Forest

Containing all the well-known signs of a fairy tale from the beginning, The Thing in the Forest is expected to include the fantasy aspect of a fairy tale. Unlike most fairy tales however, The Think in the Forest quickly turns into a very real occurrence that happened to children all over that particular region during that particular time period. Once the girls come within earshot, and then sight of â€Å"The Thing†, it takes on many figurative meanings. These meanings include everything from the war and all it entitled, to the girls leaving their innocence and becoming affected by the war.The story includes two little girls as the main characters, yet Primrose, the one who later in life becomes a story teller, is assumed to be the narrator throughout the story. Primrose is â€Å"Plump and blond and curly†¦ [She] had bitten nails, a velvet collar on her dressy green coat. † (353). Interestingly, the narrator (Primrose), who is made slightly greedy from her experienc es during the war, goes into grave detail of her clothing. The â€Å"dressy† clothing holds no real value, and is only added into the story because it holds some sort of personal value to the narrator.Also, describing Primrose as â€Å"plump† is about the nicest way to describe and overweight child. It becomes evident from the first description of Primrose that she is favored by the narrator. Penny is different than Primrose in almost every way. â€Å"Penny was thin and dark and taller, possibly older than Primrose†¦Penny had a bloodless transparent paleness, a touch of blue in her fine lips. †(353). Even though Penny becomes a much more established person compared to Primrose later in life, how Penny is described isn’t nearly as positive as the description of Primrose.With the well detailed description of what Primrose was wearing, it would be expected that what Penny was wearing would be told. These details are never brought to light. This missing information proves that the narrator has a much stronger attachment to Primrose than Penny. The two girls are completely different in terms of personality traits, still they do have some things in common. They both lost their fathers. â€Å" Penny’s farther, †¦died in a sheet of flame in the East Indian Docks†¦Primrose’s farther†¦was killed, very late in the war, on a crowded troop carrier sunk in the Far East† (358).While both their fathers were killed, the ways in which they were killed are just another example of how different Penny and Primrose are. With one being killed by fire and one being killed by water, the natural forces could not be any more dissimilar. â€Å"The Thing† is also something that they both have in common. They both hear it. They both smell it. They both see it. â€Å"A sound and a smell fabricated of many disparate sounds and smells. A crunching, a crackling, a crushing, a heavy thumping† (356).The sounds hea rd by the little girls is the very essence of war. The sound of troops and machinery crushing everything in their way. These sounds are the very sounds that they were sent away from. â€Å"Its face†¦appeared like a rubbery or fleshy mask over a shapeless sprouting bulb of a head. Its expression was neither wrath nor greed but pure misery. †(357). This is the face of war. The rubbery gas masks worn by troops. For almost all, war is pure misery. Not just for the military’s fighting, but for everyone. The girls were sent away to preserve their innocence.Once they ran into the woods, they ran from their innocence and became aware of the war around them. After seeing â€Å"The Thing†, the girls become separated and live very different lives. Just as they started out as completely different people, they continue to live as completely different people. The war did impact them both in similar ways, â€Å"They both never married. † (358). Both Penny and Primr ose choose careers that were influence by the war, but both the careers fit their personalities. Even without the war, they would have probably both chosen careers along the same guidelines.The fact they neither of them married is something that the war probably changed. War has the power to give people something in common who would otherwise have nothing in common. â€Å"The Thing† is everything evil about the war from the understanding of two little girls. They didn’t know exactly what this evilness was, but they did know that it was evil. The story also completes a circle. Starting with a story and ending with the story starting again. How the war influence these girls continues to be passed on through Primrose, the story teller. The Thing in the Forest Containing all the well-known signs of a fairy tale from the beginning, The Thing in the Forest is expected to include the fantasy aspect of a fairy tale. Unlike most fairy tales however, The Think in the Forest quickly turns into a very real occurrence that happened to children all over that particular region during that particular time period. Once the girls come within earshot, and then sight of â€Å"The Thing†, it takes on many figurative meanings. These meanings include everything from the war and all it entitled, to the girls leaving their innocence and becoming affected by the war.The story includes two little girls as the main characters, yet Primrose, the one who later in life becomes a story teller, is assumed to be the narrator throughout the story. Primrose is â€Å"Plump and blond and curly†¦ [She] had bitten nails, a velvet collar on her dressy green coat. † (353). Interestingly, the narrator (Primrose), who is made slightly greedy from her experienc es during the war, goes into grave detail of her clothing. The â€Å"dressy† clothing holds no real value, and is only added into the story because it holds some sort of personal value to the narrator.Also, describing Primrose as â€Å"plump† is about the nicest way to describe and overweight child. It becomes evident from the first description of Primrose that she is favored by the narrator. Penny is different than Primrose in almost every way. â€Å"Penny was thin and dark and taller, possibly older than Primrose†¦Penny had a bloodless transparent paleness, a touch of blue in her fine lips. †(353). Even though Penny becomes a much more established person compared to Primrose later in life, how Penny is described isn’t nearly as positive as the description of Primrose.With the well detailed description of what Primrose was wearing, it would be expected that what Penny was wearing would be told. These details are never brought to light. This missing information proves that the narrator has a much stronger attachment to Primrose than Penny. The two girls are completely different in terms of personality traits, still they do have some things in common. They both lost their fathers. â€Å" Penny’s farther, †¦died in a sheet of flame in the East Indian Docks†¦Primrose’s farther†¦was killed, very late in the war, on a crowded troop carrier sunk in the Far East† (358).While both their fathers were killed, the ways in which they were killed are just another example of how different Penny and Primrose are. With one being killed by fire and one being killed by water, the natural forces could not be any more dissimilar. â€Å"The Thing† is also something that they both have in common. They both hear it. They both smell it. They both see it. â€Å"A sound and a smell fabricated of many disparate sounds and smells. A crunching, a crackling, a crushing, a heavy thumping† (356).The sounds hea rd by the little girls is the very essence of war. The sound of troops and machinery crushing everything in their way. These sounds are the very sounds that they were sent away from. â€Å"Its face†¦appeared like a rubbery or fleshy mask over a shapeless sprouting bulb of a head. Its expression was neither wrath nor greed but pure misery. †(357). This is the face of war. The rubbery gas masks worn by troops. For almost all, war is pure misery. Not just for the military’s fighting, but for everyone. The girls were sent away to preserve their innocence.Once they ran into the woods, they ran from their innocence and became aware of the war around them. After seeing â€Å"The Thing†, the girls become separated and live very different lives. Just as they started out as completely different people, they continue to live as completely different people. The war did impact them both in similar ways, â€Å"They both never married. † (358). Both Penny and Primr ose choose careers that were influence by the war, but both the careers fit their personalities. Even without the war, they would have probably both chosen careers along the same guidelines.The fact they neither of them married is something that the war probably changed. War has the power to give people something in common who would otherwise have nothing in common. â€Å"The Thing† is everything evil about the war from the understanding of two little girls. They didn’t know exactly what this evilness was, but they did know that it was evil. The story also completes a circle. Starting with a story and ending with the story starting again. How the war influence these girls continues to be passed on through Primrose, the story teller.